Chord Distribution Analysis

Chord SymbolCountFrequency
Bbmaj7410.8%
E738.1%
Em7b538.1%
A738.1%
Cm7b538.1%
Eb725.4%
D725.4%
Dm7b525.4%

Key Patterns Detected

PatternFunctionFrequency
Em7b5 -> A7Setup (Minor Key)3
Dm7b5 -> G7b9Setup (Minor Key)2
G7b9 -> Cm7b5Resolution (Minor)2
F#m7 -> B7Setup (Major Key)1
Bm7 -> E7Setup (Major Key)1
E7 -> Amaj7Resolution (Major)1
A7 -> Dmaj7Resolution (Major)1
Cm7b5 -> F7Setup (Minor Key)1
F7 -> Bbmaj7Resolution (Major)1
Bbmaj7 -> F7susSetup (Major Key)1
F7sus -> Bbmaj7Resolution (Major)1
Bbmaj7 -> F7Setup (Major Key)1

Harmonic Highlights:

  • The opening Bbmaj7 (bVImaj7) to E7 (II7) creates a sophisticated chromatic entry that delays tonic resolution through Ellington’s signature non-diatonic voice leading.
  • Extensive m7b5 chords function as secondary subdominants (Em7b5, Dm7b5), navigating complex sequences of II-V-I progressions that weave through temporary key centers.
  • The bridge features a sudden modulation to E major, using a F#m7-B7-Emaj7 sequence to provide a bright tonal shift from the D major home key.
  • Use of tritone substitutions (Eb7 to D) and diminished passing chords (Gº7) ensures smooth, step-wise bass movement typical of sophisticated ballad arrangements.
  1. Improvisation Focus: Chromatic voice leading and melodic targeting of altered chord extensions.

  2. Difficulty Rating: 4/5; the dense harmonic landscape and frequent modulations require advanced knowledge of functional and non-functional harmony to navigate fluently.


📚 Standard Available in:

The Real Book - Volume II
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